Artifacts of New York City: The IFC Center and Tavern on the Green, 2005-2006

Friends, internationalists and all fellow travelers: the IFC Center is a heaven, a Mecca, like gold at the end of the rainbow. Greenwich Village. 323 Avenue of the Americas / Sixth Avenue & West 3rd Street. Some of the architectural bits date back to before the American Civil War. 

Opened in 2005 and flourishing in 2018. On August 18, 2006, I saw Factotum, with Matt Dillon playing Hank Bukowski (hilarious -- especially if you're a Bukoswki reader). 

It's only about a block and a half from Washington Square Park. Walk along "positively 4th Street" (Bob Dylan way) and you can reach the historic Stonewall Inn on Christopher Street in about five minutes. Our Lady of Pompeii Shrine Church at 25 Carmine Street is a two minute walk away. You can check out the Village Vanguard (178 Seventh Avenue South, opened in 1935 and competes with Baker's Keyboard Lounge in Detroit for jazz history honors) with a less than ten minute walk. 

Hepcats, can you dig? 

IFC Center has a website. Here's a link. The Stonewall Inn's link is here. The Village Vanguard's link is here. Our Lady of Pompeii Shrine Church's link is here. 

Tavern on the Green at 67th Street and Central Park West has a storied history, starting with the architectural core that dates back to its service as a sheepfold in the 1880s. It's primary run as a restaurant lasted from 1934 until the end of 2009. Good news is, it's since been renovated and re-opened under new management beginning in 2014. 

The current president of the USA stuck his greedy paw into the Green zone around 2011, but apparently this came to nothing. 

Website for Tavern on the Green can be reached via this link.

Artifacts of New York City: 23rd Street/Chelsea, 2005-2006

I stayed at the ridiculously famous (and infamous) Hotel Chelsea (at 222 West 23rd Street) on two occasions: in 2005 and 2006. Since 2011 or thereabouts, it's been undergoing renovations, but is supposed to re-open "soon."  So many of the nearby places then advertised in its little welcome booklet are gone or transformed that now seems as good a time as any to post scans in honor of them all -- in a sort of spectral afterglow salute. The New Venus Restaurant shut down in or after 2013, and has been superseded by the Fork Bar & Grill diner.

At 226 West 23rd Street, El Quijote ("Exquisite Cuisine From the Best of Spain") opened its doors in 1930. As of early April, 2018, it, like the Hotel Chelsea to which it's attached, has been closed for renovations. Hopefully it will re-open soon, later this year (2018).

Matches from El Quijote. Art-ifacts that keep on giving.

Patsy's Pizzeria at this location (318 West 23rd Street between 8th and 9th Avenues) is now shut. It opened in 1933, so it lasted more than seventy years -- a good run. The New Aristocrat Deli Gourmet at 208 West 23rd Street is still open, so far as I can tell. 

Malibu Diner at 163 West 23rd Street between Sixth & Seventh Avenues is still open as of this post. Here's a link to their website. It's now open 24 hours a day and still delivers. 

Philadelphia: 1992

[Diary excerpt.]  

This entry -- Free Library of Philadelphia, Saturday, January 11th, 1992.

I'm writing from the grand Free Library, which has the look & feel of a cavernous Carnegie structure, like a Duke East Campus library made bigger. I will be able to check books out as soon as I get a Temple ID, which will be when the checks I ordered come from the bank . . .

So far much time has been spent taking care of business, connecting phone line, electricity, rent, signing up for classes, building up food supplies, etc. 

I like it here so far. Except for right around Center City's heart, Philadelphia is not a bustling city. It has been cold, but what's struck me most are the number of people living on the street. There are the ubiquitous mentally ill roaming around & muttering, but there are also a lot of apparently otherwise healthy people, strung along every block. It is depressing because it is cold and often wet. I am faced with a moral dilemma every time I walk by someone asking for change. I have to make a quick judgment based on intuition & my own disposition, whether to give a few spare coins. It's not a sweeping moral philosophy at work, but a one at a time provisional choice, a little moral choice to be made constantly. Whet impresses me also is the steam rising from the gutter grills at night, the shadows reflected by buildings & people & colored lights. Many people sleep right on top of the grills to warm up by steam/ It is a Dickensian, even medieval or Biblical sight, the number of poor beggars.

I am quickly getting to know Center City simply by walking a lot. I found an organic store with the Velvet Underground in the background, much smaller than one such as Well Spring in North Carolina; and a corner grocery run by Cambodians, very friendly people, on Carmac and Spruce, right across the street.

The Temple Center City Campus has nightly movies, $1.50 for Temple students, at the very long-running "Cinematheque." I saw two excellent films, She Must Be Seeing Things (1987, Director Sheila McLaughlin) and Lina Wertmüller's All Screwed Up (1974-1976).  The McLaughlin film [is] about two women lovers & their relationship through jealous times, balancing having & being (in a Frommian lens); low budget but imaginative. All Screwed Up is, not surpisingly, akin to Fellini, touching on many bases without clearly resolving the main plot lines.

I have no TV now, so will be seeing a lot of films at the Cinematheque.

So far I am slowly recovering from the New Year flu or whatever it was. My only mishap since has been to burn my hand on a hot pot handle. 

Notes: Spring Recess will be March 6th through 15th.

Book reading: Roadside America, with a promise for a "powerful novena of childlike confidence," whatever that means. . . 

Harvey Mitchell: Photography Advertisement: "Daguerreotype Likenesses." May 12, 1842

[From the Lynchburg Virginian, May 12, 1842:]

                                                 HARVEY MITCHE[L]L

RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public that he is now prepared to take Daguerreotype Likenesses, in the room over the bookstore of Messrs. Payne & Gregory, lately occupied by Mr. D[awe]s.

Apr 2d.                                     taif

"Mr. D[awe]s" was undoubtedly the photographer E. Herbert Dawes, listed in this advertisement on March 21, 1842, in the Lynchburg Virginian, in the same setting. Did Harvey Mitchell acquire some or all of his equipment and supplies?  

[Many thanks to Sue Davis, William Myers, Mary Davy and Sally Young for their ongoing research collaboration.] 

Harvey Mitchell: Photography Advertisement: "Daguerreotype Likenesses." March 31, 1842

[From The Lynchburg Virginian, March 31, 1842:]

                                                        Daguerreotype Likenesses.

HARVEY MITCHELL takes pleasure in informing his friends and the public, that he will be in Lynchburg only this week, prepared to take Likenesses with the Daguerreotype in the latest and most approved style. 

   

      March 28                                                                                     2t if

[Many thanks to Sue Davis, William Myers, Mary Davy and Sally Young for their ongoing research collaboration.]  

"Harvey Mitchell, Portrait Painter." Advertisement, February 13, 1844

[Richmond Whig, Volume XX, Issue 13 (February 13, 1844), page 3. Advertisement.]

HARVEY MITCHELL,

PORTRAIT PAINTER.

Rooms opposite the Banks, and next Door above Mr. Duquane's Wig Store.

ja 1-tf

[Harvey Mitchell (1799-1866)

Wig Store = French-born Robert Duquesne (born circa 1818); his wife Onezime (circa 1821-February 12, 1859) is buried in Shockoe Hill Cemetery, Richmond. They had at least two children: Gustavus (born 1844) and Leonen. Robert was a member of the Masonic Lodge Francaise in Richmond. Location of his Wig Store in 1844 was probably at or near Market Place.

This advertisement establishes Harvey Mitchell's continued work as a traveling portrait painter in 1844.]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Sue Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]

Edward William Johnston: Rules of the Roanoke Female Seminary, 1839 (Part 2)

Botetourt Springs early 1840s. A digital copy can be found at the Hollins University website

[Edward William Johnston, RULES OF THE ROANOKE FEMALE SEMINARY(1839). An original copy (scanned images) of this circular can be found at Hollins Digital Commons, Hollins University, here; and in Box 1, John Warfield Johnston Papers, 1778-1890, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University. A transcribed version can be found here: "Notes on Hollins College," The William and Mary Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 4 (October 1929), pages 330-332].

TERMS.

Board, including Washing, Lights and Fuel, $100 for the Session of 10 Months. Tuition, in the Regular Course, (English and French, or Italian) $50. Music, Piano, Guitar, or Harp, $50, including the use of Instruments. Of these Fees, $100 payable on entrance: the remainder, at the end of 5 Months. Bedding will be furnished, at 50 cents per month.

Dress, For Winter, Bottle-green Circassian or Merino, with Capes of the same. For those below 12 years, Pantalets like the dress. Two suits are sufficient. Pupils should bring each a Table Spoon, Tea Spoon, 6 common Towels, and as many of each article of Dress, except frocks and under-frocks; 2 pair each good Leather, and neat Morocco Shoes; Bonnet of Cane or Straw, Nun's pattern, trimmed with Crimson Ribbon. Embroideries not permitted, unless worked, in the School, by the Pupil herself. Jewelry forbidden.

REMARKS.

The Principal feels it necessary, at no matter what hazard of offending, to point out certain prevailing faults, that strongly impede the course of all good Instruction.

An excellent spirit exists of giving to children every advantage attainable through Schools. Expense is not spared. Of Money, and of solicitude to bestow whatever Money can procure, Parents are lavish. But of that Domestic Care and those Early Influences, to so great a degree, determine the value of of all subsequent Education, they are generally any thing but liberal.

Around the child, every thing should be assembled, that can advantageously direct its first impressions. It must have learnt to respect and obey its Parents; or it never will its Teacher, until, with infinite pains, her forms it anew. It must have seen habits of Mental Cultivation at home, and breathed something of the atmosphere of Knowledge; or study will be hateful to it abroad. It must have known something of Restraint, have been corrected of every wrong wish, every false desire; or how should it love the labours and the restrictions inevitable in a well-conducted School? If nothing but injudicious Fondness has been practised at home; it, no habits but of Self-Will, of Idleness, of Indifference to Excellence, of disregard for every thing but Frivolity and Folly have been formed --- (and such is now widely the fact) --- the Teacher, no matter how solicitous to do all that should be done, must generally fail of any very high result.

That Schools, in a word, may be able to effect any thing of uniform, any thing of certain good, it is necessary that there be a Reform, in that which precedes them --- the Domestic Education and Government. These are now defective, in the extreme. The general laxity of Parental Discipline has grown to be such, and such the Disorders which it has engendered, that people can neither endure the faults of their children, nor the measures necessary to correct them. Instead of that Patriarchal role, which formerly held families in order, there reigns a Democratic Equality, in which the children -- as forming the Majority -- are sovereign. insupportable in the household, they are sent to a Teacher. Of him, by a common call, Severity is demanded; and yet the very persons who -- knowing how much their need it, because they have never been used to it -- are loudest in the demand, prove, almost always, the first to revolt at Severity, apply it as cautiously and temperately as you may.

Than Indiscriminate rigour, nothing is easier. It asks little beyond a rough temper and a narrow understanding. But that good Severity, which never tears up a Virtue, in eradicating a Fault, and which ever, in its very rigour, deals kindly with the young mind, is something less easy and trivial. It is of this sort that, in the present condition of things, there is need, to correct the manners and the minds of young people not really vicious, and in the main perhaps virtuously brought up, but spoiled by unbounded indulgence.

If the tree of Knowledge once grew in a Paradise, it grows there no longer. A school is, necessarily, a place of some privation, and of many restraints. It ought not to give, and cannot affect, gratifications, which were better denied at home. But when children have never known constraint; when they are untried in any of those wholesome Hardships, amongst which Patience, Courage, Self-command, Perseverance, and all the robuster virtues form themselves, a system of proper Discipline becomes impossible, because intolerable to its objects. You must then apply, not the best laws, but the best that they are capable of receiving. Time, especially, must be given them, to lay aside their faults, and to put on virtue, in their stead. For these things, the Teacher must wait with the child, the Parent with the Teacher: and woe to either that shall, by a hot precipitation, cut short, in its very beginnings, the delicate and precious work, that demands so much circumspection and so many efforts!

But Parents, neglecting what can never be so well done as at home, fling every thing upon the Teacher --- as if his business were so easy or unimportant, that gratuitous difficulties may be multiplied upon him, at pleasure. Now, to the mere mind, he may at once do good, by substituting a sound system for a vicious one.

Upon the blank of neglected understandings, it will be his own fault, if he does not presently write something. But the chief affair --- the well-regulated conduct and Sentiments --- is not so easily set right, and will produce disorders, before you can correct it. If that has nothing done at home; of they come to him as ungoverned as they are untaught; with tempers spoiled and minds enervated by unacquaintance with Contradiction; animated with no generous wish, no elevated purpose --- with what pains, through what difficulties, must he lead them up to any Excellence! [A]nd how inadequate to his responsibilities the narrow stipend, for which he is often conceived the debtor, or something still more dependent, of his Patrons!

The Principal is far less ambitious of a large, than of a well-regulated and happy school; and wishes no pupil that cannot come with teachable dispositions --- intent, not on Amusement or on empty gratifications, but on the great business of improving herself. For that, his school has always, he thinks, afforded scope, and will continue to do so. 

On the score of Prices, objections have sometimes reached him. Such are ill-founded. As Education of the same grade can no where obtained at a less cost. There is no multiplication of charges by indirect ways. Incidental expenses are very low. Dress (elsewhere a very havy one) is here no more, and often less, than at home. The unusual advantages of the place as to Comfort, and the use of excellent Mineral Waters, have not entered into the Prices.

[Handwritten post script on the Hollins version:

                                               Edwd. W. Johnston Principal
                                               Botetourt Springs, Sept. 27th 1839

My Dear Madam

Wishing to give these rules a general circulation amongst those who are likely to be our friend either substantially, or indirectly, I take the liberty of addressing one to you, as a personal friend without asking to be understood, in the slightest . . . degree as lecturing. This, it is difficult to avoid the appearance of, even when they are far from designed to do so.

Yours &c.
F. Johnston [Frederick Johnston]*

Cover: 

Boteourt Springs, Va.                      Edward W. Johnston, P.M.

     Mrs. Emma Breckenridge [Emma Walker Gilmer Breckenridge]
       Fincastle Botetourt]

[The rules give a pretty good idea, no doubt, of actual student behavior, first at Bedford Academy and then at the Botetourt Springs seminary, Virginia, a well-developed property formerly owned by Edward's uncle, Charles Johnston.]

[Edward William Johnston (1799-1867), principal
Charles Johnston (1769-1833)
*Frederick Johnston (1804-1893), a son of Charles, and instructor. In the Hollins online record, it suggests the note's author to be Edward, but the signature is clearly "F. Johnston."  One of the Governesses would have been Marie Antoinette Estelle Costar (De Cressac Villagrand) Johnston (circa 1802-1848)
Emma Walker Gilmer Breckenridge (1803-1893), who was married to Cary Breckenridge (circa 1795-1867)]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]

   

    

Edward William Johnston: Rules of the Roanoke Female Seminary, 1839 (Part 1)

[Edward William Johnston, RULES OF THE ROANOKE FEMALE SEMINARY (1839). An original copy of this circular can be found at Hollins Digital Commons, Hollins University, here; and in Box 1, John Warfield Johnston Papers, 1778-1890, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University. A transcribed version can be found here: "Notes on Hollins College," The William and Mary Quarterly, Volume 9, Number 4 (October 1929), pages 330-332].

RULES OF THE ROANOKE FEMALE SEMINARY

1.  There must be prompt and cheerful obedience to the written Rules, and to all injunctions of the Teachers and Governesses.

2.  In school, at study hours, during Religious Duties, and after going to bed, there must be strict Silence.

3.  Noise with the feet, with desks, or with Chairs; disorderly Running, in the House or School; and all Cries or clamorous Laughter, are forbidden.

4.  The Roll will be called at Morning and Evening Prayers. No absence will be allowed. The Dress will be inspected, on both these occasions.

5.  In the interval between Morning Prayers and Breakfast, young ladies must make their beds, and put their Rooms in order for Inspection.

6.  One pupil, in each room, will be selected, as Inspectress. She will be answerable for all Irregularities, of which she does not report the authors; and will give out and receive back clothes from the Wash.  

7.  Each pupil will bring from home an exact list of her clothes. They shall, every week, be compared with it, by the Inspectress of her room.

8.  A Monitress will be appointed in each Class; who will be answerable for all disorders, in study-hours, that she does not report.

9.  Five minutes after the ringing of the bell, will be allowed, for Pupils to be in their places, at Table, or in School.

10. At Table, the quietest Good-Manners must be observed. No Greediness or Daintiness must be discovered. Pupils must learn either to speak French, or be silent.

11. There must be no familiarity with Servants; nor, on the other hand, must they ever be treated uncivilly.

12. Going out without a bonnet, or quitting your Seat, or the School-room without leave, will always incur a mark of Ill-conduct.

13. The careless Destruction of any part of the Property of the Establishment will [be] subject to a Bad Mark, and must, besides, be paid for.

14. Nothing belonging to the House must be used, without leave.

15. Each class will have its Garden-ground, its tools and Seeds and Plants. These must not be entered nor touched, by one of another class, without leave.

16. The same respect for the property of others must be practised in every thing -- books, stationary, clothes, &c. &c.

17. The Public Road, the Gardens of the Proprietor, the Cultivated Fields, the Fruit trees, and the Creek are, without leave, strictly forbidden ground.

18. Pupils must, in general, do nothing which, known abroad, would injure the character of the School, or their own.

19. Tale-bearing, Rudeness of Speech, Quarreling, Nick-names, attempts to frighten or to teaze [tease] each other, all sporting with the Truth, and all refusing to speak to each other, will be punished.

20. There must be no Idleness. Pupils must endeavor to render their Recreations useful. When not taking Exercise, they must read or work. No Plays will be suffered, in the House, unless with the Governess's permission.

21. Pupils will not be allowed to go home, except on Holidays -- (2 days at Christmas, 1 at Easter, and 1 on the 4th of July), or as a reward for unusual Diligence. But Parents, visiting them, will always be entertained with pleasure.

22. Saturday must be occupied in mending Clothes, attending to some house-hold Art, or something improving.

23. Sunday must be dedicated to Moral and Religious Studies and Duties; and must be profaned by no Noise or Play.

24. The Morning Bell will ring at Day-break. Prayers 20 minutes after, Breakfast 1 hour after Prayers. School will open 30 minutes after the Breakfast bell, and continue 3 hours. There will then be a Recess 'till 1 P. M. -- the Dinner hour. School will re-open at 2, and continue 'till 5. Supper at 6 in winter, and 7 in Summer. After Supper, Study resumes 'till 9 -- the hour of Evening Prayers. 30 minutes will then be allowed for going to bed. No light permitted, after that.

25. The ordinary Punishments and Rewards will consist of Marks of Good or Ill Conduct. Of these, a Register will be kept, and the Comparative Result reported, monthly, to the Parents. Idleness, Falsehood, Ill-temper, Disobedience, want of Cleanliness, and Immodesty, and slighter faults habitually committed, will be punished by, 1st. Loss of Recreation; 2nd. Restrictions in the quality of Food; 3rd. Confinement. Pupils committing gross Improprieties, or who show themselves, after sufficient trial, incorrigible, will be expelled. 

[The rules give a pretty good idea, no doubt, of actual student behavior, while brief descriptions of the facilities provide a general idea of the resources available in and around Botetourt Springs, Virginia, formerly owned by Edward's uncle, Charles Johnston.]

[Edward William Johnston (1799-1867)
Charles Johnston (1769-1833)
One of the Governesses would have been Marie Antoinette Estelle Costar (De Cressac Villagrand) Johnston (circa 1802-1848)]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]

Peter Johnston, Jr.: 1831 Advertisement for Law School

[Peter Johnston, Jr., "LAW SCHOOL" advertisement, Richmond Enquirer, Volume XXVIII, Issue 18 (July 12, 1831), front page.]

LAW SCHOOL. --- The Subscriber, disengaged from those public duties in which he has been occupied for a long series of years, may now command his own time, and is disposed to employ himself usefully, if he can. He therefore proposes to conduct a

LAW SCHOOL,

in this town, and to commence a course of instruction on the first of September next. His plan will be, to deliver occasional lectures, on important law topics, and principles: to examine his students frequently: and, as often as in his power, to converse with them unreservedly on the subjects of their studies. When they shall have attained to such improvement as shall have qualified them for public discussion, it is his purpose to institute a fictitious court, in which the forms of proceeding and trial, as practised in the Superior courts of this State, will be regularly observed.

As he intends to devote his time and attention principally to this school, his fee from each pupil, for one year's instruction, will be one hundred dollars: a sum which, he believes, is below what has been generally demanded by other instructors, for similar services. By such as shall desire to attend his school, board on reasonable terms, can be obtained in Abingdon, or its immediate vicinity, with respectable families.

                                                                          PETER JOHNSTON.

Abingdon, Va. July 12                                                  18 --- w4w

[$100 in 1831 = about $2650 in early 2017.
At this juncture, it's unclear whether Peter's plans went into effect on September 1, 1831. At 68 years old (born January 6, 1763), he died at Panecillo on December 8, 1831, after a short illness.
Peter had married Ann Nancy Bernard (1775-1865) in Richmond on December 13, 1828 (his second wife). Elizabeth Ann Bernard (1778-1862), Ann's sister, was a consort of John Allan (1779-1834), with whom she had "natural" twin sons. Allan, a wealthy, Scottish-born merchant based in Richmond, was also Edgar Allan Poe's (1809-1849) estranged foster father. Small world.]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.] 

Edward William Johnston: 1838 Advertisement for Bedford Female Academy

[Lynchburg Virginian (September 17, 1838), Page 3.]  

BEDFORD FEMALE SEMINARY

Pupils will assemble on Monday, October 1st. 

MR. HARVEY MITCHELL, well known as a Portrait & Landscape Painter, will, for the year now commencing, take charge of a Class of Drawing and Painting.  His skill as an Artist will offer to pupils desiring a real proficiency in this accomplishment, advantages such as few schools can bestow.  Price of Tuition, 50 dollars per annum.

WINTER UNIFORM.--- Dress and Pelerine [cape] of bottle-green Circassian or Merino, with white Pantalets, and Aprons of brown French Linen; Bonnet of Cane or Chip, Nun’s pattern, trimmed with Crimson Ribbon.

Payment for Board ($50) and Tuition in the regular Studies ($25) will be expected in advance.  The fees for Music, Drawing or for other Studies, not a part of the regular course, will be payable at the end of each Session.  EDWARD WM. JOHNSTON, 

                                                   Principal

September 17                                                4t if ofts

[Note: same advertisement ran from October 8, 1838 until January 14, 1839, with tuition for Harvey Mitchell's class reduced to $15.
Edward William Johnston (1799-1867)
Harvey Mitchell/Michel (1799-1866)]

[Many thanks to Mary Davy for tracking this and similar articles down, and to William Myers, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]  

Edward William Johnston: 1837 Advertisement for Bedford Female Academy

[Richmond Enquirer, Volume XXXIV, Issue 56 (November 17, 1837), page 4. Extra paragraph breaks added for easier reading.]

BEDFORD FEMALE ACADEMY.---The subscriber, late Librarian and Teacher of the Modern Languages in the State College of South Carolina, will, on the 15th day of November next, re-open the Institution, situated at Liberty, and endeavor to give it an organization and methods fit to revive for it the public favour, which it once enjoyed.

The plan, to which he will give effect, is, in its main outline, as follows:

1st. To go back to that plainer, less multifarious education, which formed the Virginia lady, some sixty years ago, before Northern improvements came in.

2dly. To banish whatever of pretended sciences, taught only in name, vitiates, instead of either strengthening or adorning, the female mind.

3dly. Teaching only what fits the character and the pursuits of woman, to teach it thoroughly.

4th. To make the first aim of Education, the securing of that sort of knowledge which trains the mind the best, and best fills it with things truly useful and graceful:

5th. To leave untaught all that is less worthy in itself, less fit for the sex, and less capable of being learnt with solidity:

6th. To do whatever is done upon methods which will leave the child the feelings, the opinions, the manners and the principles proper to Southern birth, and for it to be the basis of an Education purely Southern.

Women are not destined to be Navigators, not Opticians, nor Almanac-makers, nor Practical Mechanics, nor Miners, nor Doctors in Medicine. Why give them a half or quarter-proficiency, in that of which a whole knowledge would be useless to them?

Of all futile things, half science is surely the paltriest, and in the worst taste. So, too, Metaphysics, Logic, Political Economy, belong to the Masculine offices and pursuits only, and cannot be brought into female education, without wasting the time and injuring the perceptions, which should be employed in feminine things.

Of History, and of whatever bright or singular examples it offers: of her own land and its fortunes: of her own tongue and its literature: of the cultivated Modern Dialects and their authors: of the Manners and Arts of all countries, a woman cannot know too much. She should understand Practical Arithmetic, though not Mathematics; and much more of cookery than of Chemistry. She should also learn to speak and write English with precision and purity -- but this out of the good authors, and a familiarity with them, not from systems of Rhetoric, that are mere rigamarole to such as are put at learning the Art of Composition, before they have read a book.

Books upon the method of set Question and Answer, and all illiterate compilations in general will be excluded from the school: with every other plan whatever of patent-right Teaching. So will the teaching of English Grammar. In its place French will be taught to every scholar -- a plan by which more English, as well as French, is learnt.

If women can only be stimulated to learn, by being set to exhibit themselves on the stage, they had better remain in ignorance.

The Pupils will be dressed in uniform; with every attention to a simple gracefulness of appearances; but plainly, cheaply, without jewelry, and with the strict prohibition of whatever might mark a difference of fortune. The morals and manners will receive all possible care. Parents will be expected to direct to what church their children shall be regularly taken.

PRICES.

Tuition in the English and French, $50 per annum, (these, every Pupil must learn; the remaining branches, voluntary,) Music, $40, Italian or Spanish, $40, Embroidering, $5. 

No extra charges for use of Piano, Plain Sewing, Fires, Desks, Entrance money, or the like.--- Clothes and Books the only expenses, besides Tuition. Board may be in good houses at $10 per month.---

The Academy buildings can be made to lodge 25 pupils in the best manner. Boarders placed there in the Principal's family, will have every possible care, the use of a good library, and the advantage of speaking French, (the habitual language of the household) and of practising either further tongue they may learn.

Boarders will provide each, a single mattress of hair or shucks; their own bed linen and towels; a silver table spoon, and a silver teaspoon. They will not go into public except to church; and neither visit nor receive visits, except by particular permission. The ordinary recitations will always be open to the attendance of parents, guardians, or recommended visitors.

     EDWARD WM. JOHNSTON.

Refer to His Excellency P. M. Butler, Governor of S. Carolina; Messrs. J. C. Calhoun and Wm. C. Preston, of the U.S. Senate; Generals Hamilton, Hayne, and McDuffie, late Governors of South Carolina. Dr. Thos. Cooper, L. L. D., President Barnwell and Professor Lieber, of the South Carolina College. 

In Virginia, President Dew and Professor Tucker, of William and Mary; Benjamin Watkins Leigh, Wyndham Robertson, and George W. Munford, of Richmond; Walter Jones, Postmaster, Norfolk; John and Winston Henry, Charlotte; Gen. Edward C. Carrington, Halifax; Valentine W. Southall, Charlottesville; Edw. Johnston and Dr. Wm. McDowell, Fincastle; Henry S. Langhorne, Dr. J. T. Royall, and Samuel Wyatt, Lynchburg; Col. James P. Preston, Montgomery; Gen. P. C. Johnston, Scott Court-house; Beverly R. Johnston, Abingdon.

Pupils will bring each two dresses of bottle green circassian, with two capes of the same, and a cane or straw bonnet, Nun's shape, trimmed with plain crimson ribbon.

N.B.--- The pleasant little town of Liberty, is situated near the Eastern base of the Blue Ridge, 10 miles from the Peaks of Otter, in a region exceedingly healthy, well cultivated, and of a population generally respectable and kindly. It is accessible by good public conveyances, three times a week, along the Piedmont route, from North and South; the Lewisburg and Kanawha route, from North-west; the Abingdon, Lynchburg and Richmond route, from East and West.

                                                          EDWARD W. JOHNSTON
Nov 3                                                              52-w4w

  
[Edward William Johnston (1799-1867)
$50 in 1837 equivalent to about $1200 in early 2017.
Other names fairly easy to identify, several of them relatives of Johnston by blood or marriage, especially useful for pinpointing where they were living at the time, and indicating social and communication networks.]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]  

Hezekiah Daggs: 1834 Advertisement for Botetourt Springs, Virginia

[Richmond Enquirer, Volume XXX, Issue 94 (February 22, 1834), page 1.]

BOTETOURT SPRINGS.--- The subscriber having recently purchased the above property from the executor of Charles Johnston, deceased, tenders his acknowledgement to those individuals who patronised him during the 18 years which he kept the Hot Springs, and hopes that they will favor him with a call at his new residence, where he assures them they shall find every thing calculated to promote their health and contribute to their comfort and pleasure. The buildings of the establishment are all brick -- commodious and elegant, and uniting, in a high degree, neatness and beauty with comfort and convenience.

                                                            HEZEKIAH DAGGS
February 7.                                                     88-6m

[Charles Johnston (1769-January 21, 1833)
Executor = Dr. James Townes Royall (circa 1797-1860), who had married Charles Johnston's daughter Frances Steptoe Johnston (circa 1807-after 1850), in Botetourt County on December 27, 1825. Dr. Royall graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School in 1818. Charles' nephew John Warfield Johnston (1790-1818) graduated from there in 1814. Frances' mother was Charles' second wife, Elizabeth Prentiss Steptoe (1783-1820).
Hezekiah Daggs (1773-1844)]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]  

James T. Royall, Executor: Sale of Charles Johnston's Estate, 1833

[James T. Royall, "EXECUTOR'S SALE," Richmond Enquirer, Volume XXX, Issue 49 (October 25, 1833), page 1. Extra paragraph breaks added for easier reading.]

EXECUTOR'S SALE of Valuable Property. real and personal.---

The subscriber will offer, at public auction, at the Botetourt Springs, on Wednesday, the 18th day of December next, (if fair, if not, the next fair day thereafter,) all the personal and real estate of the late Mr. [Charles] Johnston.

The personal estate consists of between 20 and 30 valuable Negroes, among them some first rate house servants, cooks, &c.--- a large stock of Horses, Hogs, Sheep, and Cattle of every description. Household and Kitchen Furniture, Plantation Utensils, Crop of Corn, Fodder, Oats, &c., &c.

At the same time and place, the Botetourt Springs will be publicly offered at auction. The buildings are spacious and in good order, equal to the comfortable accommodation of one hundred visitors. The plantation attached, containing about 500 acres of good quality, is of itself a valuable farm, and the surrounding neighborhood one of the wealthiest and most desirable in Virginia.

The company at the Springs during the last two seasons has greatly increased, and no doubt is entertained by the subscriber, that, in the hands of an active and enterprising owner, this property would soon be among the most valuable in upper Virginia.

Persons desirous of purchasing are invited to visit the subscriber before the sale, or to communicate with him by letter, directed to Cloverdale, Botetourt county. He would prefer making a private sale, but if not privately disposed of before, they will be offered publicly, as before stated. 

Will be opened also, a small tract of Land, lying about four miles from the springs, containing about 220 acres, mostly in woods.

Terms will be accommodating and made known at the day of sale.

                                                    JAMES T. ROYALL, Ex'or. of
October 25    [49-wtds]                          Charles Johnston, dec'd

[Charles Johnston (1769-January 21, 1833)
Dr. James Townes Royall (circa 1797-1860) had married Charles Johnston's daughter Frances Steptoe Johnston (circa 1807-after 1850), in Botetourt County on December 27, 1825. Dr. Royall graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School in 1818. Charles' nephew John Warfield Johnston (1790-1818) graduated from there in 1814. Frances' mother was Charles' second wife, Elizabeth Prentiss Steptoe (1783-1820).]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]  

James T. Royall: 1833 Advertisement for Botetourt Springs, Virginia

[James T. Royall, "BOTETOURT SPRINGS." Richmond Enquirer, Volume XXX, Issue 12 (June 18, 1833), page 3. Extra paragraph breaks added for easier reading]

BOTETOURT SPRINGS.---The former owner and proprietor of these Springs having departed this life, in accord with a request expressed in his last illness, they will be opened the present season by the subscriber, his executor.

The Botetourt Springs are situated in Botetourt County, Virginia, in a healthy, populous and most desirable neighborhood -- about 50 miles above Lynchburg, from which an excellent line of stages runs regularly three times a week. 

A particular and detailed description of them has oft been given to the public, and the benefits arising from the use of the water are believed to be so generally known, that the subscriber does not deem it necessary to repeat the one, or offer renewed testimonials of the other.

The charges will be moderate to all, and to such as remain a month or longer, extremely low.

The will of Mr. Johnston authorizes his executor to sell these Springs, at such time as may be most beneficial to his estate.

The subscriber, therefore, being desirous of closing its concerns as speedily as possible, offers them for sale, and invites persons desirous of purchasing, to communicate with him, by letter, directed to Botetourt Springs, Va. The property is valuable, and will be worthy the attention of capitalists.

                                                                 JAMES T. ROYALL,
                                                                 Ex'or, of Charles Johnston, dec.
June 18                                                                       w1stJ

[Charles Johnston (1769-January 21, 1833)
Dr. James Townes Royall (circa 1797-1860) had married Charles Johnston's daughter Frances Steptoe Johnston (circa 1807-after 1850), in Botetourt County on December 27, 1825. Dr. Royall had graduated from the University of Pennsylvania Medical School in 1818. Charles' nephew John Warfield Johnston (1790-1818) had graduated from there in 1814. Frances' mother was Charles' second wife, Elizabeth Prentiss Steptoe (1783-1820).
Image of Botetourt Springs, probably early 1840s but with essentially the same landscape design and architecture as in 1833. Link can be found here. See Chapter II.]

[Many thanks to William Myers, Mary Davy, Sally Young and Susan Davis for their ongoing research collaboration.]